Cuba: Apagón y Bloqueo

Cuba atraviesa su mayor crisis energética, con la práctica totalidad de la Isla y 10 de 11 millones de habitantes privados de electricidad.

Los apagones que venían sucediéndose con cada vez mayor frecuencia y duración desde hace tiempo, se convirtieron en una caída total del sistema eléctrico a raíz de la salida de servicio de su principal central termoeléctrica el viernes 18, lo cual obligó a suspender clases y a cerrar casi toda actividad económica, mientras las autoridades y los técnicos trabajan para restablecer el fluido.

La población teme que esta situación derive en una inminente hambruna, debido a la putrefacción de los alimentos.

La causa inmediata de la crisis se encuentra en la falta de combustible para alimentar sus centrales termoeléctricas, empeorada por una coyuntura climática que retrasó la llegada de un buque con fuel oil.

Sin embargo, la causa última es la misma que comparten los grandes y pequeños problemas de la Isla: el bloqueo comercial y financiero impuesto por Washington hace más de seis décadas con el propósito declarado de reducir por hambre a la población cubana y obligarla a levantarse contra sus autoridades.

Aunque dicho objetivo siniestro se ha visto frustrado, las dificultades interminables que debe enfrentar La Habana para captar divisas y adquirir insumos esenciales sí han llevado al país a una lacerante escasez de todo lo necesario para la vida cotidiana.

Muchas veces se piensa que el argumento del bloqueo es un mero pretexto y se olvida la naturaleza criminal de las decenas de leyes y decretos que conforman el más tupido entramado de agresiones no armadas dirigidas contra una nación soberana.

Como Isla ubicada en el mar Caribe, la vocación económica natural de Cuba se encuentra en el turismo, y su ubicación a solo 144 kilómetros de Estados Unidos hace de los estadunidenses su mercado lógico y elemental. Pero las normas ilegales de Washington prohíben a sus ciudadanos viajar a la Isla.

Pero la aplicación ilegal de sanciones no solo afecta a los habitantes de la superpotencia, sino que cualquier empresa, de cualquier parte del planeta, que compre o venda cualquier objeto —así sea una cebolla, un medicamento para el cáncer o un cuaderno para que los niños estudien— a La Habana se atiene a ser perseguida y aplastada por el país que controla dictatorialmente el sistema financiero global.

Una de las fuentes de ingresos más importantes para la práctica totalidad de los Estados latinoamericanos y caribeños, las remesas enviadas por sus connacionales que trabajan en el exterior, también se encuentra cerrada para Cuba porque no se le permite acceder al sistema internacional de pagos, uno de los muchos tentáculos del imperialismo estadounidense.

Desde que Hugo Chávez llegó democráticamente al poder en Venezuela a la cabeza de la Revolución bolivariana, Caracas ha prestado un inestimable auxilio al pueblo cubano con sus envíos de hidrocarburos. Pero conforme Washington ha hecho a los venezolanos víctimas de las mismas atrocidades que perpetra contra los cubanos, el Gobierno de Nicolás Maduro ha debido recortar su ayuda a Cuba, lo cual ha terminado de desbordar una situación sumamente precaria.

Asimismo, a La Habana se le impide comprar maquinaria, herramientas y refacciones con que revertir el deterioro de la infraestructura electroenergética, por lo que los fallos seguirán siendo estructurales en tanto la bota de Washington asfixie a la Isla.

A Cuba tampoco se le permite acceder a las tecnologías necesarias para emprender la transición energética, pese a que, en el discurso, el actual ocupante de la Casa Blanca y otros líderes occidentales se proclaman impulsores de la lucha contra el cambio climático.

En el presente siglo, salvo Israel sobre el pueblo palestino, ningún país ha sido tan sistemática y duraderamente sádico con la población civil como Estados Unidos en su embate contra los cubanos.

El sufrimiento humano y el despojo de toda perspectiva de vida digna en su propia tierra son el testimonio del total desprecio de la clase política estadunidense hacia el bienestar de las personas y la libertad en nombre de la que hablan.

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