El Mineduc ha presionado permanentemente por el retorno a clases presenciales. La recomendación inicial fue volver a la presencialidad en fase 4 de su propio plan paso a paso.
Hoy pretende presionar a Municipios y obligar a sus Servicios Locales de Educación a clases presenciales en fase 2, recién salidos de cuarentena, en medio de un nuevo récord de contagios y casi 57.000 casos activos.
Sólo en la semana reciente se aumentó en tres mil las personas que pueden contagiar a otras.
En los últimos 7 días el Mineduc ha generado un montaje para dar un manto de Evidencias para el retorno a clases presenciales. De la noche a la mañana, y sin que medie fundamentación, sobrepasó su propia orientación de volver en fase 4 y estableció que se debe retornar presencialmente en fase 2.
Luego se dio a conocer el resultado de una prueba estandarizada de la Agencia de Calidad, con abierta participación política de su Director, que evaluó entre otras cosas, la cobertura de aprendizajes del año 2020, dando como resultado en Enseñanza Media un 60 % de aprendizajes.
Y finalmente se da a conocer una encuesta a estudiantes donde el gran hallazgo es que los estudiantes prefieren las clases presenciales, echan de menos a sus amigos y profesores. Conclusión hay que volver a clases presenciales so penas del infierno, entre otras no pago de subvenciones.
Como ya se señaló el Mineduc, por arte de magia, pasó de fase 4 a 2 como condición de retorno presencial, sin mediar ningún estudio.
En ningún momento de la pandemia han sugerido no abrir los establecimientos a clases para protección de la comunidad escolar, por el contrario, insisten tozudamente en hacerlo. Quedará para la historia la orden de retornar a clases el 27 de abril del 2020.
Solo la resistencia de la comunidad escolar, los alcaldes y algunos Servicios Locales de Educación impidieron el desastre.
El escándalo del Mineduc frente a los resultados de cobertura de aprendizajes del año 2020 es un abuso. La evaluación se hace sobre las recomendaciones de adecuación curricular del propio ministerio. Dicha orientación, hecha entre cuatro paredes, no pasó de ser una reducción de contenidos arbitraria.
Muchas comunidades educativas decidieron hacer sus propias adecuaciones. El Mineduc olvidó por completo que, a partir del último trimestre de 2019, revuelta popular mediante, no hubo clases.
Olvida también, que los primeros meses del año lectivo 2020, fueron de contención emocional y luego de recuperación curricular, con eternas marchas y contramarchas respecto de la modalidad presencial o a distancia, lo que generó natural incertidumbre en las comunidades educativas.
Si hubiera considerado ello, seguramente habría obviado el marketero terremoto educativo anunciado en los medios por la cobertura de aprendizajes.
¿Puede sorprender a alguien que los y las estudiantes estén aburridos, que quieran ver a sus amigos y profesores? Creo que a nadie; pero de allí a concluir, como lo hace el gobierno, que hay que volver a clases presenciales perentoriamente y en las actuales condiciones sanitarias es, a lo menos, un despropósito.
La política del gobierno para enfrentar la pandemia es un completo fracaso. Los indicadores suben y bajan, pero siempre se mantienen en estado de catástrofe.
Bien haría el Mineduc en poner un esfuerzo privilegiado en asegurar las mejores condiciones de enseñanza para la educación a distancia, asegurar que todos y todas las estudiantes cuenten con aparatos y conectividad apropiada para la enseñanza, y regular el empleo de esta modalidad, protegiendo a las familias, trabajadores y trabajadoras de la educación.
Saliendo, así, de los lugares comunes que emplea el Mineduc para obligar a la presencialidad de clases. Ese debiese ser un esfuerzo principal de la política pública educativa. Así como también formación continua gratuita para docentes, con Universidades acreditadas, que fortalezcan el ejercicio de la enseñanza a distancia.
Y finalmente, para terminar con la incertidumbre de las comunidades educativas, restablecer que el retorno a clases presenciales sólo tenga lugar en fase 2 con las medidas que se sugieren para dicha fase.
Solo de este modo se podrá llevar tranquilidad y concentración en el desarrollo de clases a distancia.
(*) Director Área Docencia Instituto de Ciencias Alejandro Lipschutz, ICAL.
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